Swift is an exciting new programming language combining the best of older languages such as Java, C++, Objective-C, JavaScript etc. However, huge code bases exist that are written in C and C++. What if you have a library developed in C++ and want to leverage that code in you Swift applications? Here we will see how to incorporate a simple C++ library into a trivial Swift command line utility on Mac OS X. We are going to
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Create a Swift Command Line Utility in Xcode
First we are going to create a simple command line utility in Swift using Xcode. We could have created a more sophisticated GUI app, but since the focus here is on interfacing Swift with C++ code, a command line utility will suffice.- In Xcode go to File->New->Project, in the dialog that appears select Command Line Tool and click Next.
- Choose a name for your project and type it in the Product Name field in the next dialog; make sure Swift is selected in the Language field. For the purposes of this tutorial let's call it cli_swift. Click Next.
- In the dialog that appears select a location for your project and click Create. The resulting project should consist of one Swift source file, main.swift, which contains:
import Foundationprintln('Hello, World!')
We can comment out or remove the 'import Foundation' line, since we are not using any of the Foundation features. - Now we can run our project by clicking the Run button from the toolbar, selecting Run from the Product menu, or by typing Command-R. We see 'Hello, World!' printed out in the output pane.
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Create a C++ Library Using GCC
Now let's build a simple C++ static library. We could have done it in Xcode, but let's just use a command line compiler, GCC. The command for compiling/linking C++ code is g++. You can also use the Clang compiler that should come with your Mac OS X, in which case replace g++ with clang++ in the example.- Choose a location for the library and cd to that directory.
- Create the header file for the library, let's call it junk.h, with the following content:
class A{public: A(int); int getInt();private: int m_Int;};
- Create the library's implementation file, call it junk.cpp, with the following content:
#include 'junk.h'A::A(int _i) : m_Int(_i) {}int A::getInt() { return m_Int; }
- Compile junk.cpp to object file, junk.o, and create a library, named libjunkcpp.a, that contains the object file ($ is the command prompt of the Terminal):
$ g++ -c junk.cpp$ ar r libjunkcpp.a junk.o
Add C++ Wrapper to the Xcode Project to Provide the Swift-C++ Interface
Now that we have our library, let's go back to Xcode and create a C++ file providing the 'glue' between our C++ library and command line utility written in Swift. The 'glue' has to be in C++ because it will call C++ library code that was not written to be called from C. The 'glue' is, however, written in such a way that it can be called from C code, and things that can be called from C can typically be also called from Swift. See the comments in the code below.- Add the static C++ library to the Xcode project. We need this in order to be able to call the library from the C++ wrapper ('glue'). Please see here how to do this.
- Add the library's header file, junk.h, to our project by going to File->Add Files to 'cli_swift'.., navigating to the file, and clicking Add.
- Go to File->New->File, select C++ file in the dialog that appears, and click Next.
- Type wrapper.cpp in the Name field, uncheck 'Also create a header file,' and click Next.
- In the dialog that appears choose a location for the new file and click Create.
- If at this point Xcode suggests that you create a bridging header, click Yes. Otherwise we can create a bridging header manually by going to the 'Swift Compiler - Code Generation' section under Build Settings and specifying a header name on the 'Objective-C bridging Header' line.
- Modify wrapper.cpp to have the following content:
#include 'junk.h'// extern 'C' will cause the C++ compiler // (remember, this is still C++ code!) to // compile the function in such a way that// it can be called from C // (and Swift). extern 'C' int getIntFromCPP() { // Create an instance of A, defined in // the library, and call getInt() on it: return A(1234).getInt();}
Use C++ from Swift Code via the Wrapper
Now we need to tell Swift about the getIntFromCPP() method. Any C functions that we want to call from Swift must be declared in the bridging header, so we add the following to the bridging header:int getIntFromCPP();
![How to make a mac app with c++ windows 10 How to make a mac app with c++ windows 10](/uploads/1/3/4/2/134259917/180486776.png)
println('The integer from C++ is (getIntFromCPP())')
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Run the project, and the output is:Hello, World!The integer from C++ is 1234
That's it! Congratulations! You have just written a Swift app that uses an external static library written in C++. Below is a screenshot of what your Xcode project might look like: